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Bernard Herrmann:
A Centennial Tribute
(1911 - 2011)


This page is offered in tribute to the man who many believe was the most innovative film composer from the past,

Bernard Herrmann

born: New York City, 29 June 1911
died: North Hollywood, California, 24 December 1975

 

Attention Herrmann Fans!

 

 

 

 

For their 75th anniversaries in 2016, read Roger Hall's article about Herrmann's first two film scores (CITIZEN KANE and THE DEVIL AND DANIEL WEBSTER) -- click here

 

 

 


For the Bernard Herrmann Centennial in 2011, three FMR critics selected 10 of their favorite Herrmann film scores among his many memorable ones:

Roger Hall

Steven A. Kennedy

Steve Vertlieb


Multimedia DVD:

Music Masters: Fifteen Composers in Hollywood

Addition information about

Bernard Herrmann Film Scores

Film In Focus Series:

CITIZEN KANE (70th Anniversary)

PSYCHO (50th anniversary)

VERTIGO (50th anniversary)

 

 

Bernard Herrmann was chosen for a Sammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1989 -- click here

 

These film scores were selected by all three FMR critics:

FAHRENHEIT 451
NORTH BY NORTHWEST
PSYCHO
VERTIGO

These two recommended Phase 4 CDs are conducted by Bernard Herrmann
and other CDs also available from

Amazon.com

 

Read the favorites chosen by our critics and if you wish to make comments about any Herrmann scores, send them to:

Herrmann Favorites

 

 

Roger Hall's Bernard Herrmann Favorites

Ever since I was mesmerized watching CITIZEN KANE in the mid-1950s on television, I have been a fan of Herrmann's film music. Over these many decades I have listened to just about every film score he composed and have enjoyed them all.

How do you pick ten film score favorites from a composer who is generally considered the best of his era? It has to be purely personal choices based on which ones you like the most and have stayed with you the longest.

Rather than discuss each of my favorites, I'll make some general comments about a few favorite film scores. What attracts me especially to Herrmann's film music is his uncanny ability to find the right orchestral combinations to fit the film.


One example is from his first film score, and to my mind his best, CITIZEN KANE. In the key scene known as "breakfast montage," Charles Foster Kane (Orson Welles) and his first wife, Emily Monroe Norton Kane (Ruth Warrick) progress through the years of their marriage in a matter of minutes of film time. For that sequence, Herrmann wrote a theme with variations which grows darker with each variation to illustrate Charles Foster Kane growing harsher and more arrogant as he gets older. These variations can be heard on the Phase 4 CD, Music From Great Film Classics, conducted by Bernard Herrmann.

Another example is from Herrmann's only Oscar-winning score, THE DEVIL AND DANIEL WEBSTER [original title: ALL THAT MONEY CAN BUY]. There is a dance known as "The Miser's Waltz" where Miser Stevens (John Qualen) dances with the seductive Belle (Simone Simon) in the forbidding mansion of Jabez Stone (James Craig), who has received all his wealth thanks to his unwise deal with the Devil, known in this film as Mr. Scratch (brilliantly played by Walter Huston). Here again Herrmann uses a motif that starts softly with a graceful waltz and gradually grows louder and more threatening as Miser Stevens dances to his death. This is another superb example of Herrmann's gift of finding just the right musical accompaniment for such a dramatic scene.

 

Then there is the one that Bernard Herrmann liked the best of all his film scores, THE GHOST AND MRS. MUIR. I once taught a college course in film music history and chose this beautiful romantic score as an example of the quality work accomplished by Herrmann during the 1940s, long before his better known scores of the 1950s and 1960s, especially for the Alfred Hitchcock films. One student was so excited she commented that this was "a great movie and score" and had more emotional impact than any score she had heard in recent years.

 

Many years ago, I spent a summer vacation in Washington, D.C. with my mother and we went to see THE DAY THE EARTH STOOD STILL. Since there was a young boy (Billy Gray) in the film who was about my age, I was immediately intrigued by his portrayal. The story also took place in Washington so that also made me fascinated with this story. Of course there was also the visitor from outer space who spoke with such a beautiful British accent named Klaatu (Michael Rennie) and his protective robot, Gort (Lock Martin). Herrmann wrote a terrific motif for this robot, heavy and forceful in its orchestration to symbolize the robot's massive size and incredible destructive powers. This score is also the first prominent one to feature electronic instruments, including two theremins, electronic violin, electronic bass and guitar. As Herrmann wrote for the Phase 4 LP release about his score: "The result seems to have been successful and most certainly predicted the shape of things to come for electronic scoring." Again, Herrmann was an innovator. His music impressed a young boy in the audience watching that film in Washington, D.C. back in the 1950s. It was the first film where I paid attention to the film score. Now sixty years later, I believe it is still the best film score composed for a science-fiction film.

 

THE DAY THE EARTH STOOD STILL (1951)
(Blu-ray Special Edition)

 Recommended for Herrmann's brilliant film music (isolated score track) and also the excellent commentary by film and music historians: John Morgan, Nick Redman, Steven Smith, and William Stromberg

-- Roger Hall, 19 January 2011

Roger's 10 favorite Herrmann film scores in chronological sequence:

 

Roger's popular article,"Bernard Herrmann: The Early Years,"
with a new addendum of CDs, is available at this web site:

Runmovies/Soundtrack

 

 

Steven Kennedy's Bernard Herrmann Favorites


2011 is the 100th anniversary of Bernard Herrmann’s birth. Herrmann’s music has not quite received the big comeback of Korngold but his music is still appearing in concert and even Wuthering Heights is managing to be staged by opera companies (one production is being mounted in Minnesota this spring).

My entry into Herrmann’s music came from Saturday matinee showings of Sinbad movies and my later interest in Hitchcock films. But his style had an aural impact that still rears itself in some of my own concert music. In the 1990s we were unbelievably fortunate to see almost all of Herrmann’s music find its way to CD. Here are my 10 favorite scores by this master film composer in chronological order.

 

CITIZEN KANE (1941) is easily one of my favorite movies and Herrmann’s score is simply masterful as it moves through the intensity of Kane’s rise and fall. From its opening music through the overwrought “Salammbo’s Aria” you will not find a more engaging score that works well on its own but masterfully becomes a part of the fabric of the film.

For me there was no cooler sound than that opening music from 1951’s THE DAY THE EARTH STOOD STILL. The cascading arpeggios, the theremin, and all those odd orchestral sounds make this another personal favorite that I return to listen to time and again.

I do not recall if I ever saw BENEATH THE 12-MILE REEF (1953), but familiarizing myself with this score through its CD release made it easily one of my most recommended Herrmann scores for friends. All those harps and that undersea musical depiction is simply fascinating to listen to as one marvels at Herrmann’s ability to create such intriguing sounds in his orchestration.

Though THE TROUBLE WITH HARRY (1955) is probably one of Hitchcock’s oddest films, Herrmann’s fun little innocent score is a simple delight and features one his most memorable little themes. It’s the score here that constantly winks at the viewer that this story is so weirdly absurd and yet manages to menace us with a little creepiness all the same. Too bad the film moves at an often slow pace.

 

Growing up in the 1960s and 1970s meant that you sat through lots of bad B-pictures from a decade or so ago. There were not a lot of kid-friendly films being made but at least it gave some of us a chance to hear interesting music and no more so than in Ray Harryhausen effect films like THE 7TH VOYAGE OF SINBAD (1958) where skeletons came alive in Herrmann’s creepy music. This is always the Sinbad movie that I cannot but help judge all other movies with this character and again its Herrmann’s odd orchestrations that make it a score I return to hear often.

From the same year, VERTIGO (1958) remains one of my favorite film scores and films. When Varese Sarabande released its re-recording of this score I must have played it continuously for weeks. Simply one of the most gorgeous love themes Herrmann ever wrote appears here and the tension he creates with rich harmony is unmatched. The opening titles alone make this an easy highlight.

The two following years continued the Herrmann-Hitchcock partnership with some of his best work. NORTH BY NORTHWEST (1959) again has those great titles but the musical build up that culminates on the face of Mt. Rushmore is superb. Of greater comment in this film is where Herrmann chose not to put music and this is a great teaching score to test students used to wall-to-wall music about the ways composers can create tension by waiting to insert music.

 

 

Then there is PSYCHO (1960) whose creepiness can only be truly felt apart from commercial interruptions (the way I had first seen the film on TV). This musical study in close intervals and musical terror is also coupled with that same mastery of when not to use music and when to bring it into the narrative. The music that follows the mad drive in the rain is often overlooked in this score but it is one of several water-influenced cues that Herrmann uses to accompany the story here. Nature even seems to be murderous whether it is rain, stuffed animals, or a shower.

The arpeggiated sounds that were a part of THE DAY THE EARTH STOOD STILL returned in Herrmann’s impressionistic and compelling music for FAHRENHEIT 451 (1967). Again it is always his instrumental choices, coupled with intriguing harmonic shifts, that make his music so compelling and never more so than here.

For me what is fascinating about Herrmann’s last film score, TAXI DRIVER (1975), is how it pulls in jazz elements into his sound world. His score perfectly captures the darkness of its characters with what at times seems a very simple melodic idea. In some ways it is a bit of a casting back to film noir days and some of Herrmann’s lesser known but no less interesting work in the 1940s.

Most of Herrmann’s music would be composed by the time I was born and the films his music supported would only begin to enter my film going awareness in the early 1970s and later after his death. It was through Hitchcock films that his music would get noticed internally by my musical style but not until the latter part of the 1990s did my own exploration of his scores begin to grow my appreciation for this master film composer. Fortunately this coincided with the release of so many of his scores that I could feed my personal musical interest in one of the 20th century’s finest film composers.

-- Steven A. Kennedy

Steve's 10 Favorites in chronological sequence:

  • CITIZEN KANE
  • THE DAY THE EARTH STOOD STILL
  • BENEATH THE 12-MILE REEF
  • THE TROUBLE WITH HARRY
  • THE 7TH VOYAGE OF SINBAD
  • VERTIGO
  • NORTH BY NORTHWEST
  • PSYCHO
  • FAHRENHEIT 451
  • TAXI DRIVER

 

Read Steve's detailed review of this Chandos CD release:

CITIZEN KANE and HANGOVER SQUARE

 

 

Steve Vertlieb's Bernard Herrmann Favorites

 

Elmer Bernstein once commented that, in his considered opinion, Bernard Herrmann and Miklos Rozsa were the two greatest practitioners of symphonic motion picture composition in the long history of the genre. The centennial of Herrmann’s birth will be celebrated this year, and so we thought it appropriate, then, to commemorate his enormous contribution to the art of cinema by applauding some of his more outstanding works. While choosing merely ten scores by the composer to discuss is a daunting task, it is nevertheless the assignment for which we were chosen. For my own singular collection of titles, I have decided to include those Herrmann scores which have had the most profound emotional influence, and impact upon me. My reasons, as you will read, are purely personal, reflecting an unabashed affection for both the composer and his incomparable artistic legacy.

 

  • THE GHOST AND MRS. MUIR (20th Century Fox, 1947) – Among the most searingly romantic, and deeply sensitive scores ever composed for a motion picture, Herrmann’s outward bravado, as Elmer Bernstein tellingly observed in the documentary Bernard Herrmann: Music For The Movies, was belied by the musical expression of his secret soul. For the timeless story of star crossed lovers, whose depth of passion for one another transcended mortal barriers, finding resolution at last, beyond the ethereal veil of eternal sleep, Bernard Herrmann composed, perhaps, his most profoundly beautiful score…a haunting, emotional masterpiece on wings of lyrical romanticism. The score, like the film that sired it, remains a gloriously tender rhapsody of idealized love and eternal devotion.
  • VERTIGO (Paramount, 1958) – Perhaps Herrmann’s masterpiece, as well as Hitchcock’s, this unforgettable film and score remain as arresting and fresh as when first released. Herrmann reached the zenith of his artistry with this heart breaking, Wagnerian score, filled with near operatic aspirations and tonality. Once again, idealized love is frustrated to the point of madness as the woman of James Stewart’s dreams is lost to him, an apparent victim of suicide. Obsession drives him literally to the brink and back again, realizing the living spectre of his dead love embodied in another woman. Herrmann’s music rises achingly to levels of exquisite torment as Stewart fights to recover both the woman he lost, and his own sanity.

  • FAHRENHEIT 451 (Paramount, 1966) – Ray Bradbury, an American treasure, lent his genius to the motion picture screen when Francois Truffaut filmed the visionary science fiction classic. A tale of intellectual and emotional repression, Bernard Herrmann masterfully captured and conveyed the longing of souls yearning for freedom with his beautiful score, particularly expressed in the hauntingly eloquent final track, “The Road,” in which the chords of melancholy transition, from ashes to rebirth rise, as a phoenix of hope, in the rustling winds.

  • OBSESSION (Columbia, 1976) – Brian DePalma, who unashamedly found his own cinematic voice while emulating Alfred Hitchcock, filmed his own singular masterpiece in tribute to the Master’s VERTIGO. A ghostly apparition of the earlier film, OBSESSION is, nonetheless, a stunningly erotic tale of romantic love lost, as Cliff Robertson (channeling James Stewart) finds his dead wife once more, seemingly reincarnated as a young Italian girl he meets at an art gallery. Consumed with her uncanny likeness to his deceased bride, he blindly and selfishly works to recreate the past and restore her to his personal happiness. Herrmann, having lost none of his sentimental heart, fills the soundtrack with one of his most deeply felt and passionate scores for this hauntingly psychotic story of love and betrayal. Reportedly, Herrmann wept openly when viewing the finished picture. It would be, sadly, his next to last work for the screen.

  • NORTH BY NORTHWEST (MGM, 1959) – Bernard Herrmann was one of a gifted hand full of screen composers equipped to write a truly exciting main title sequence. The overture for this Hitchcock classic is as remarkable an achievement musically, as was Hitchcock’s stunning, accompanying visual text. David Raksin remarked that only “Benny” Herrmann could get away with using a Fandango for a theme. However one describes it, Herrmann’s opening title music for NORTH BY NORTHWEST is an exhilarating roller coaster ride through a cinematic amusement park that sparks the flame for one of the most entertaining thrillers ever conceived, either by director or composer. The main titles set the uncertain stage and, like the fragile instability of exposure to an earth quake, we remain off center and on tilt for the remainder of the film. The exuberance and sheer vitality of the score weave a dizzying maze from which neither Cary Grant nor the audience will soon recover.

  • GARDEN OF EVIL (20th Century Fox, 1954) – Herrmann proved himself as adept at writing period scores as he was at home with contemporary music. This Gary Cooper vehicle, despite its western setting, contained all of the elements of great drama…survival, greed, heroism, and lust. Bernard Herrmann obliged the studio by writing richly expressive, full bodied and expansive themes, filling his musical landscape with one of his most colorful scores. So visual was his thematic material that 20th Century Fox chose to use elements of this score, along with his comparable music for FIVE FINGERS, as the basis for its stock music library, in trailers advertising the studio’s products for years to come.




  • PSYCHO (Paramount, 1960) – This is, unquestionably, among the most influential motion pictures scores since sound transformed the movies. Herrmann’s music for Hitchcock’s most grizzly, and infamous production, haunted both showers and bathroom tile for decades, foreshadowing countless succeeding scores, and contemporary composer’s inspiration. In the absence of Herrmann’s unforgettable presence, PSYCHO remains an excellent film. With the addition of his haunting main title music, and searingly abrasive accompaniment to murderous thrusts of a blade most “foul,” the picture becomes at once a masterwork of terror and, ultimately, poignant depravity. It is a testament to Herrmann’s power and inspiration that the score for Alfred Hitchcock’s most notorious motion picture is continually performed today by orchestras around the world.

  • FIVE FINGERS (20th Century Fox, 1952) – Written and Directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz, and based upon the book Operation Cicero, this war time thriller focused on the exploits of a renowned British spy. James Mason tendered his usual finely tuned, cultured, and dapper performance as the spy in the employ of the British Consulate, while Bernard Herrmann contributed the superb and thrilling themes that would add immeasurably to the suspense, and eventual undoing of the greedy, albeit brilliant, valet. As noted earlier, the generous thematic musical materials were used often in subsequent trailers, and television series produced by Twentieth Century Fox.

  • THE SNOWS OF KILIMANJARO (20th Century Fox, 1952) – Based quite loosely upon the story by Ernest Hemingway, this stirring production directed by Henry King became a thoughtful, poetic, heart breaking romantic melodrama centered upon the tragic consequences of indulgence, war and remembrance. For the main titles Herrmann composed one of the most thrilling preludes, perhaps, in the history of cinema. His opening theme is a startling revelation, pulsing with dramatic urgency, compelling the listener to follow in rapt, spellbinding attention. Herrmann’s raging overture is among the most exciting pieces of music in his career, or any other. Rarely has the screen produced so ravenous and intense a musical salutation.

  • JANE EYRE (20th Century Fox, 1944) - Charlotte Bronte’s sweeping novel offered the composer the groundwork for one of his most profoundly passionate and romantic scores. Alternately somber and rhapsodic, the tragic tale of a lonely heroine accepting a position as a governess at a Victorian mansion, lorded over by a dark, brooding widower, was the stuff of classic love, and legendary devotion. Beautifully directed by Robert Stevenson, and performed by Orson Welles and Joan Fontaine, the heroic grandeur of Bronte’s haunting adventure gave Bernard Herrmann wondrous license to explore the full breadth, and limitless horizons of his fierce, artistic palette. Herrmann’s lush, deeply sensitive translation of Bronte’s stormy romantic fantasy, awakened memories of love’s awesome power and beauty, expressed so eloquently by his tortured, yet exquisite musical tapestry.

 

Bernard Herrmann was a legendary force in Hollywood, contributing some of the most singularly remarkable music in motion picture history. Over a period of thirty five years, he composed the symphonic accompaniment and inspiration for our most treasured dreams and aspirations. If music is the light by which cinematic imagery is emotionally defined and illuminated, then Bernard Herrmann was the flame that danced atop the candle. Dominating the expressive, new art form, Herrmann’s massive contributions forever changed the way we listen to movies, turning a largely polite, arid background into a psychologically complex, meaningful exploration of character and definition. Herrmann was prolific in the concert hall, as well as related media. For television, he wrote the ethereal background music for Rod Serling’s bittersweet tale of childhood’s wonder lost in “Walking Distance” for THE TWILIGHT ZONE. It was a memorable achievement in a rich lifetime of memorable achievements. On this, the one hundredth anniversary of his birth…we celebrate his life.

--Steve Vertlieb, January 1, 2011

Steve's 10 Favorites in chronological sequence:

  • JANE EYRE
  • THE GHOST AND MRS. MUIR
  • FIVE FINGERS
  • THE SNOWS OF KILIMANJARO
  • GARDEN OF EVIL
  • VERTIGO
  • NORTH BY NORTHWEST
  • PSYCHO
  • FAHRENHEIT 451
  • OBSESSION


Read Steve's excellent article at The Bernard Herrmann Society site:

"Herrmann and Hitchcock: The Torn Curtain"

 

See also Steve's Herrmann tribute article at

The Thunder Child

 

 

 




DVD-R: MUSIC MASTERS -
Fifteen Film Composers
(including Bernard Herrmann)

 

 

 

More About Herrmann Film Scores

DVD: A Guide to Film Music (6th edition)

 

Bernard Herrmann - a master of movie music
(CBS News)

 


Bernard Herrmann: Film Scores from Citizen Kane to Taxi Driver

CD - Bernard Herrmann Film Scores
Elmer Bernstein conducting
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
(includes comments by Herrmann)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

DVD - Bernard Herrmann: Music For The Movies

 

 

 

 


Film In Focus No. 10: 70th anniversary of CITIZEN KANE
and Bernard Herrmann's first film score

 

 

 

Film In Focus No. 8: 50th anniversary of PSYCHO

 

Film In Focus No. 5: VERTIGO

 

 

One of Herrmann's best scores for television was for
a popular episode of THE TWILIGHT ZONE.
Read more at

Bernard Herrmann's "Walking Distance"

 

Read a biographical sketch about the film composer at

IFMCA Legends - Bernard Herrmann

 

Watch this interview with Herrmann's third wife:

Norma Herrmann on "Benny"

 

 

There are more Bernard Herrmann film scores than any other composer,
including the No. 1 choice. To see the list, go to

100 Essential Film Scores of the 20th Century

 

Highly recommended biography:

A Heart at Fire's Center: The Life and Music of Bernard Herrmann
by Stephen C. Smith

 

 

A few recommended online sites:

Interview with Herrmann by Royal S. Brown

The Bernard Herrmann Estate

The Bernard Herrmann Society

 

 

 

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